Format comparison

GeoPackage vs GML: SQLite vs OGC XML

GeoPackage is a compact, efficient SQLite database widely adopted as a modern Shapefile replacement. GML is the OGC's XML-based vector standard used in government WFS services. Both support arbitrary projections and rich geometry but differ dramatically in efficiency.

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Bottom line

Use GeoPackage for data storage and desktop GIS. Use GML when consuming or producing OGC WFS services.

GeoPackage vs GML: feature comparison

FeatureGeoPackageGML
Format typeSQLite binaryXML text
File sizeCompactVery verbose (5–10× larger)
CRS supportYesYes
Multiple layersYesSingle feature type per file
Spatial indexingYesNo
WFS server outputNoYes
OGC standardYesYes

GeoPackageWhen to use GeoPackage

  • Desktop GIS data storage
  • Large datasets where efficiency matters
  • Multi-layer portable projects

GMLWhen to use GML

  • OGC WFS server output
  • Government INSPIRE datasets
  • Schema-validated data exchange

Convert between GeoPackage and GML

Frequently asked questions

Q.Can I convert GeoPackage to GML online?

Yes. Maparz converts GeoPackage to GML — upload your .gpkg and download a .gml file.

Q.Which is better for large datasets — GeoPackage or GML?

GeoPackage is far better for large datasets. Its SQLite backend supports spatial indexing and partial queries. GML is plain text XML that must be fully parsed, making it slow and memory-intensive.

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