Shapefile vs KML: Full Comparison
Shapefile is the dominant desktop GIS format while KML (Keyhole Markup Language) was designed for Google Earth visualization. They serve different audiences and use cases, though both are widely supported across GIS tools.
Bottom line
Use Shapefile for desktop GIS analysis and data exchange with other GIS users. Use KML when sharing maps with non-GIS audiences via Google Earth or Google Maps.
Shapefile vs KML: feature comparison
| Feature | Shapefile | KML |
|---|---|---|
| Primary use | Desktop GIS, data exchange | Google Earth / Maps visualization |
| File structure | Multiple files (.shp, .dbf, .shx) | Single XML file |
| Human readable | No (binary) | Yes (XML) |
| 3D support | Limited | Yes (altitude, extrusion) |
| Styling / symbology | External (SLD, layer files) | Inline styles and icons |
| CRS | Any via .prj | WGS 84 only |
| Google Earth support | Via plugin | Native |
ShapefileWhen to use Shapefile
- GIS analysis and spatial operations
- Sharing data with other GIS professionals
- Datasets requiring arbitrary coordinate systems
KMLWhen to use KML
- Visualizing data in Google Earth or Google Maps
- Sharing interactive maps with non-GIS users
- Datasets with rich symbology and 3D elements
Convert between Shapefile and KML
Frequently asked questions
Q.Can I convert Shapefile to KML online for free?
Yes. Maparz converts SHP to KML instantly — upload your Shapefile bundle and download a KML file in seconds.
Q.Does KML keep attribute data from a Shapefile?
Yes, KML preserves attributes as ExtendedData fields. However, some metadata and field type information from the .dbf may be simplified.
Q.Which format does QGIS support better?
QGIS supports both natively. Shapefile integrates more fully with QGIS analysis tools and layer styling workflows.